The most beautiful nature paintings: A Collection of Famous Natural Paintings

The Evolution of Nature Painting

Nature has been a timeless muse for artists, inspiring beautiful paintings of nature throughout art history. These works capture the essence and allure of the natural world, often resulting in some of the most beautiful nature paintings ever created.

The evolution of nature painting is marked by distinct phases. In the early centuries, artists depicted nature with meticulous detail, showcasing its beauty in a realistic manner. During the Romantic era, which emerged in the late 18th century, nature became a source of inspiration for conveying deep emotions and connection. This movement laid the foundation for some of the nature paintings by famous artists we admire today.

In the 19th century, Impressionism introduced a shift towards capturing the play of light and color in nature. Artists like Monet and Renoir created enchanting scenes of landscapes, portraying nature in a new, vivid light. As art continued to evolve, contemporary artists employed diverse styles and techniques to interpret nature’s beauty, ensuring that this genre remains as vibrant as ever.

The evolution of nature painting reflects not only changes in artistic styles but also our enduring fascination with the natural world. These paintings continue to be a source of wonder, reminding us of the remarkable beauty that surrounds us.

List of most beautiful nature paintings

The Hay Wain (1821) by John Constable

John Constable rose to prominence by masterfully depicting the beautiful paintings of nature that surrounded his home. Art historians credit him with redefining the style of painting nature. His artworks were so intrinsically linked with the Dedham Vale region that it earned the moniker “Constable Country.” Interestingly, he never managed to make a living from his work during his lifetime. Nevertheless, he gained widespread public and critical acclaim after his demise.

Constable had a profound affinity for the landscape genre, akin to other English artists immersed in the Romanticism movement. The Hay Wain (1821) is one of his most celebrated landscape paintings. It captures a picturesque farm nestled along the Stour River, meandering between the English counties of Essex and Suffolk. At the heart of this masterpiece is a massive wooden wagon, drawn by three robust horses, traversing the tranquil River Stour. The scene encapsulates a locale near Flatford Mill, which was his father’s property. This painting remains widely acknowledged as one of history’s most captivating and realistic paintings of nature. It exemplifies Constable’s profound ability to craft art directly from nature and reflects his status as a famous artist renowned for his nature-themed works.

John Constable’s legacy endures, as his art continues to inspire awe and admiration for the inherent beauty of the natural world.

 The Great Wave off Kanagawa (1832) by Katsushika Hokusai

The Great Wave off Kanagawa is a masterpiece created in 1832 by the renowned Japanese artist Katsushika Hokusai. This iconic artwork is a woodblock print with dimensions measuring 25 cm x 37 cm, and it is currently housed in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. It stands as one of the most beautiful nature paintings ever produced.

This striking piece captures the sheer power of nature. It portrays a colossal, menacing wave towering over three diminutive fishing boats in Sagami Bay, with the majestic Mount Fuji in the distance. The wave’s enormity led to debates, with some perceiving it as a tsunami and others as a massive rogue wave.

Hokusai’s work had a profound impact on art and culture, particularly in Europe, during a period known as Japonism. Even the legendary artist Vincent van Gogh, a fan of Hokusai’s art, admired the excellence of linework in this Japanese masterpiece, noting its chilling effect on his emotions. This artwork exemplifies the fusion of the realistic depiction of nature with painting related to nature, making it a quintessential nature art painting.

The Great Wave off Kanagawa remains a symbol of the immense beauty and power of nature, captivating art enthusiasts worldwide.

The Oxbow (1836) by Thomas Cole

Created In 1836

Medium of Artwork Oil on Canvas

Dimensions of Artwork 130 cm x 193 cm

Currently Housed In Metropolitan Museum of Art

Thomas Cole, a renowned nature artist, was born on February 1, 1801, in Lancashire, England. He played a pivotal role in founding the Hudson River School, a prominent U.S. art movement influenced by Romantic painters. Cole is celebrated as one of the finest painters of 19th-century America. His work is a testament to his ability to capture the beauty of nature.

One of his most notable works is The Oxbow (1836), an oil-on-canvas masterpiece measuring 130 cm x 193 cm, currently displayed at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. This painting is among the most beautiful nature paintings ever created.

The Oxbow exemplifies nature paintings by famous artists, as it vividly portrays the American untamed landscape. It is a remarkable painting related to nature that captures the grandeur of the American wilderness.

The artwork was part of a historical series for Lumen Reed, but due to its lengthy and slow progress, Reed suggested that Cole take a break to pursue his passion for beautiful paintings of nature. This decision led to the creation of The Oxbow, a masterpiece that encapsulates Cole’s talent in producing realistic paintings of nature. It remains a testament to his dedication to painting from nature and his enduring legacy as a nature art painting artist.

Roseate Spoonbill (c. 1836) by John James Audubon

Created In c. 1836

Medium of Artwork Engraving and Aquatint

Dimensions of Artwork 64 cm x 97 cm

Currently Housed In National Gallery of Art

John James Audubon, celebrated for his remarkable contributions to the depiction of nature, created several beautiful paintings of nature, particularly focusing on diverse bird species. His work has earned him a place of honor among both bird enthusiasts and art connoisseurs. Besides his artistic talents, Audubon was an accomplished ornithologist and naturalist, best known for his invaluable book, “The Birds of America,” which greatly advanced the field of ornithology and led to the discovery of 25 new bird species.

One of Audubon’s notable works is the Roseate Spoonbill (c. 1836), an exquisite piece of art that vividly showcases the beauty of nature. This engraving and aquatint masterpiece, measuring 64 cm x 97 cm, is now housed in the National Gallery of Art.

Audubon’s painting captures the stunning contrast of the Spoonbill’s bold pink plumage against the bold greenish hues of its beak. The bird is portrayed against a serene, bluish backdrop with rocky formations, emphasizing the intensity of its pink feathers and its graceful presence among the waterside foliage.

This artwork exemplifies the essence of most beautiful nature paintings and is a testament to Audubon’s legacy as one of the finest artists to create nature paintings by famous artists. It stands as a remarkable painting related to nature that continues to inspire nature enthusiasts and art admirers alike.

The Horse Fair (1855) by Rosa Bonheur

Created In: 1855

Medium of Artwork: Oil on Canvas

Dimensions of Artwork: 244 cm x 507 cm

Currently Housed In: Met Museum

Rosa Bonheur’s masterpiece, The Horse Fair (1855), stands as an exquisite example of beautiful paintings of nature and a remarkable feat in realistic paintings of nature. This monumental artwork, created with meticulous attention to detail, captures an equine auction in the bustling streets of Paris, near a sanatorium visible on the left. Bonheur’s dedication to her craft is evident as she spent a year and a half making drawings from nature at this location, often disguising herself as a man to avoid attention.

The painting, inspired by artists such as Théodore Gericault and George Stubbs, premiered in 1853 to widespread acclaim. Rosa Bonheur, known for her groundbreaking feminist stance and unconventional lifestyle, lived independently, solely relying on her artistic earnings. She publicly identified as a lesbian and challenged gender norms by seeking permission to wear male attire while working in 1852. Her trailblazing life and artistry continue to inspire others, making her an icon of painting from nature and nature art painting.

The Heart of the Andes (1859) by Frederic Edwin Church

Created In: 1859

Medium of Artwork: Oil on Canvas

Dimensions of Artwork: 167 cm x 302 cm

Currently Housed In: Met Museum of Art

Frederic Edwin Church’s magnificent creation, The Heart of the Andes (1859), ranks among the most beautiful nature paintings and exemplifies his mastery of realistic paintings of nature. This breathtaking piece stands 167 cm tall and 302 cm wide, offering a captivating glimpse of the South American Andes, a region Church explored extensively during two journeys.

Debuting in 1859, this masterpiece caused a sensation and firmly established Church as the foremost landscape painter in the United States. It currently resides in the collection of New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Art, having been acquired in 1909. The painting expertly synthesizes the geographical wonders Church encountered during his South American travels.

The composition features a glistening pool fed by a waterfall at the center-right, with the majestic Mount Chimborazo of Ecuador gracing the distant horizon. The landscape is richly detailed, with a lightly trodden path, a village, a church in the central area, and two native figures in the foreground, all suggesting human presence. This masterpiece showcases Church’s talent for painting related to nature in its most awe-inspiring form.

Looking Down Yosemite Valley (1865) by Albert Bierstadt

Created In: 1865

Medium of Artwork: Oil on Canvas

Dimensions of Artwork: 163 cm x 254 cm

Currently Housed In: Birmingham Museum of Art

Albert Bierstadt’s masterpiece, Looking Down Yosemite Valley (1865), is an exquisite nature art painting that encapsulates the beauty of Yosemite Valley in California. Completed in 1865, this work of art skillfully portrays the grandeur of Yosemite’s landscape, framed by towering granite formations on both sides of a vast, rolling valley.

The painting is celebrated for its realistic representation of Yosemite’s natural splendor, notably capturing the way sunlight radiates from the edges of the steep rocky ledge on the right side. It marked Bierstadt’s first significant painting of Yosemite, earning him well-deserved fame.

Bierstadt meticulously depicts the valley as seen from a high vantage point slightly above the Merced River, facing west, drawing inspiration from sketches made during his visit in 1863. It stands as one of the most beautiful paintings of nature and is a testament to Bierstadt’s exceptional talent for creating breathtaking scenes from nature.

Sunlight and Shadow: The Newbury Marshes (1875) by Martin Johnson Heade

Created In: 1875

Medium of Artwork: Oil on Canvas

Dimensions of Artwork: 30 cm x 67 cm

Currently Housed In: National Gallery of Art

Martin Johnson Heade created a series of beautiful paintings of nature, with one of his most renowned works being Sunlight and Shadow: The Newbury Marshes (1875). Initially known for portraits, Heade’s encounter with artists from the Hudson River School ignited his passion for paintings related to nature.

Around 1859, he discovered the Newbury Marshes, which would go on to feature in over 100 of his paintings, accounting for a significant portion of his creative output. These nature paintings by a famous artist captured the marsh in various seasons, showcasing the swamp’s evolution under different climatic conditions. Heade’s meticulous attention to detail depicted how this natural landscape nourished and developed over time, serving as both a habitat for wildlife and a resource for fishing and hunting.

Sunlight and Shadow: The Newbury Marshes is a prime example of Heade’s dedication to creating realistic paintings of nature, illustrating the play of light and shadow in this serene marshland.

Wheatfield with Crows (1890) by Vincent van Gogh

Created In: 1890

Medium of Artwork: Oil on Canvas

Dimensions of Artwork: 50 cm x 103 cm

Currently Housed In: Van Gogh Museum

Wheatfield with Crows by Vincent van Gogh is a masterpiece that showcases the artist’s profound connection with nature. Painted in July 1890, during the final weeks of his life, it is considered by some as possibly his last work. This iconic piece features a dramatic overcast sky teeming with crows soaring above a wheat field. The center road, seemingly leading nowhere, and the unclear flight paths of the crows evoke a strong sense of solitude.

Van Gogh’s beautiful painting of nature captures the essence of the countryside, with two-thirds of the canvas dedicated to a wind-swept wheat field. The presence of the crows adds a unique dimension to the scene, symbolizing mystery and wisdom.

This painting is widely regarded as one of the most beautiful nature paintings and is a testament to Van Gogh’s extraordinary talent. It exemplifies the genre of nature paintings by famous artists, portraying the raw beauty and emotion of the natural world.

Tiger in a Tropical Storm (1891) by Henri Rousseau

Created In: 1891

Medium of Artwork: Oil on Canvas

Dimensions of Artwork: 130 cm x 162 cm

Currently Housed In: National Gallery, London

Henri Rousseau’s “Tiger in a Tropical Storm” is a remarkable example of nature paintings by famous artists. Created in 1891, it’s an oil painting that vividly captures the wild beauty of nature. Initially, this painting received mixed reviews, with some critics considering it juvenile. However, over time, it gained appreciation from art enthusiasts.

The artwork portrays a dramatic scene of a massive tiger in the midst of a ferocious storm, poised to attack unseen prey. Rousseau’s use of various shades of green reflects the lush, captivating character of the jungle, while silver paint symbolizes the rushing rains and stiff gusts.

This painting is a testament to Rousseau’s ability to provide a fresh perspective on the frequently depicted natural world, making it one of the beautiful paintings of nature. Despite the controversy during his lifetime, Henri Rousseau’s work has secured its place as one of the realistic paintings of nature that continues to be celebrated.

Sainte-Victoire seen from the Bibémus Quarry (1897) by Paul Cézanne

Created In: 1897

Medium of Artwork: Oil on Canvas

Dimensions of Artwork: 65 cm x 81 cm

Currently Housed In: Baltimore Museum of Art

Paul Cézanne’s “Sainte-Victoire seen from the Bibémus Quarry” is one of the most beautiful nature paintings that showcases his unique artistic approach to nature. During his time in Provence-Alpes-Côte d’Azur, Cézanne found inspiration for his famous nature paintings in the stunning surroundings of mountains, greenery, and sunlight. Notably, around eighty of his paintings feature the Sainte-Victoire mountains.

Unlike many other well-known Impressionist landscape painters, Cézanne chose to depict nature with distinct clarity, using black outlines to define objects. His works aren’t purely realistic paintings of nature but are characterized by a unique artistic style akin to Cubism, using geometric forms and impasto techniques to emphasize texture and surfaces.

The Sainte-Victoire mountains held a special fascination for Cézanne, serving as his muse and a boundless source of inspiration. This painting is a testament to his ability to artistically portray nature, making it one of the beautiful paintings of nature by a renowned artist.

Water Lilies and Japanese Bridge (1899) by Claude Monet

Created In: 1899

Medium of Artwork: Oil on Canvas

Dimensions of Artwork: 92 cm x 73 cm

Currently Housed In: Met Museum

Claude Monet’s “Water Lilies and Japanese Bridge” (1899) is one of his most beautiful paintings of nature and is celebrated as one of the most beautiful nature paintings by a famous artist. This masterpiece is an oil on canvas, measuring 92 cm x 73 cm, and currently resides in the Met Museum.

The artwork depicts a stunning scene from Monet’s own estate in Giverny, which he transformed into a one-of-a-kind estate with captivating gardens and a water lily lake. The famous Japanese bridge, a central feature of the painting, was built by Monet in 1893 and became a recurring subject in his art.

Monet’s approach to this painting reflects his signature Impressionist style, characterized by quick, bold strokes that capture the essence of the natural world. The composition includes lush backdrop forests, the iconic bridge, and graceful weeping willows.

This realistic painting from nature exemplifies Monet’s connection with his surroundings. He originally planted the water lilies for personal enjoyment, but they soon became his primary source of inspiration, resulting in this magnificent masterpiece that continues to captivate art enthusiasts worldwide.

In summary, “Water Lilies and Japanese Bridge” by Claude Monet stands as a quintessential example of nature art painting, showcasing the beauty of the natural world through the eyes of a renowned artist.

Road Near Mont Sainte-Victoire (1906) by Paul Cézanne

Created In: 1906

Medium of Artwork: Oil on Canvas

Dimensions of Artwork: 81 cm x 99 cm

Currently Housed In: Hermitage Museum

Paul Cézanne’s “Road Near Mont Sainte-Victoire” (1906) is among the most beautiful paintings of nature created by this renowned artist. It stands as one of the most beautiful nature paintings within the Post-Impressionist movement. This masterpiece, measuring 81 cm x 99 cm, currently resides in the Hermitage Museum.

Cézanne’s fascination with Mont Sainte-Victoire led to a series of diverse works, each capturing the landscape with unique viewpoints, lighting, compositional elements, and atmosphere. His art often featured the majestic Mont Sainte-Victoire, alongside the surrounding valley and plains.

Belonging to the Post-Impressionist movement, Cézanne employed realistic depictions of nature using geometric forms and a rich palette of hues to convey depth. While Impressionists aimed for direct representation of nature, Cézanne sought to reveal the essence beneath what the human eye perceived. His work exemplifies nature art painting, showcasing his ability to capture subtle shifts in lighting and mood, making it a significant contribution to the world of art.

“Road Near Mont Sainte-Victoire” by Paul Cézanne is a remarkable painting related to nature, exemplifying the artist’s mastery in portraying the beauty of the natural world through his unique Post-Impressionist perspective.

The Flamingos (1907) by Henri Rousseau

Created In: 1907

Medium of Artwork: Oil on Canvas

Dimensions of Artwork: 114 cm x 163 cm

Currently Housed In: Private Collection

Henri Rousseau’s “The Flamingos” (1907) is a testament to his talent for creating beautiful paintings of nature and is recognized as one of the most beautiful nature paintings in art history. This remarkable piece, measuring 114 cm x 163 cm, currently resides in a private collection.

The painting vividly portrays a flock of flamingos gracefully positioned on a riverbank, forming a queue based on their size while assuming various stances. On the opposite side of the lake, a group of locals gathers on a peninsula. The river is adorned with magnificent and lovely lilies, their blossoms and lotus blooms adorning the tranquil surface. Tall stalks adorned with yellow and pink blossoms rise above the water, creating a captivating contrast.

Rousseau masterfully places the realistic portrayal of nature at the forefront, with lilies serving as the central focus, guiding the viewer’s attention towards the flamingos. This masterpiece is a shining example of nature art painting, seamlessly blending reality with the artist’s imaginative touch.

In conclusion, “The Flamingos” by Henri Rousseau is a stunning painting related to nature, showcasing the artist’s ability to capture the beauty of the natural world while infusing it with his unique artistic vision.

 Black Mesa Landscape, New Mexico (1930) by Georgia O’Keeffe

Created In: 1930

Medium of Artwork: Oil on Canvas

Dimensions of Artwork: 61 cm x 89 cm

Currently Housed In: Tate Museum, London

“Black Mesa Landscape, New Mexico” (1930) by Georgia O’Keeffe is a testament to the world of beautiful paintings of nature, hailed as one of the most beautiful nature paintings in the realm of American Modernism. This captivating artwork, measuring 61 cm x 89 cm, is currently part of the Tate Museum’s collection in London.

Georgia O’Keeffe, often regarded as the most prominent female figure in American Modernism, was renowned for her nature paintings by famous artists. Her work, rich in metaphorical interpretations, often focused on wildflowers and the American Southwest, leaving an indelible mark on 20th-century art.

This particular piece offers a realistic portrayal of nature, showcasing a view from New Mexico’s unforgiving Black Mesa region. The vibrant, reddish foreground serves as a focal point, while imposing mountains in the backdrop emerge with a sense of mythical force. O’Keeffe’s ability to seamlessly blend realism with abstraction is a hallmark of her work, making “Black Mesa Landscape, New Mexico” a quintessential nature art painting.

In summary, Georgia O’Keeffe’s masterpiece is a prime example of painting related to nature, capturing the beauty and ruggedness of the American Southwest while pushing artistic boundaries with its abstract undertones.

The Connection Between Art and Nature

The relationship between art and nature is profound and enduring. Artists have been captivated by the beauty of the natural world for centuries, creating beautiful paintings of nature that are celebrated as some of the most beautiful nature paintings in the history of art. These artworks, often regarded as nature paintings by famous artists, serve as a bridge between the human experience and the environment that surrounds us.

Painting related to nature allows artists to express their reverence for the natural world. They create realistic paintings of nature that capture the intricate details and grandeur of landscapes, flora, and fauna. Often, these paintings are born directly from the act of painting from nature, as artists immerse themselves in the outdoors to observe and interpret their surroundings.

Nature art painting is not merely a representation; it’s a means of conveying emotions and narratives through the language of color, form, and texture. It serves as a powerful reminder of our connection to the Earth and the need to preserve its beauty. In essence, art and nature are intertwined, with artists acting as interpreters, capturing the essence of the natural world in their creations.

The Impact of Nature Paintings on Modern Art

Beautiful paintings of nature have left an indelible mark on the trajectory of modern art. These artworks, often considered some of the most beautiful nature paintings, have had a profound influence on the art world. Nature paintings by famous artists have not only captured the magnificence of the natural world but have also inspired artistic movements and transformed artistic expression.

Painting related to nature has played a pivotal role in the development of modern art. Artists have sought to convey the beauty and grandeur of the natural world through their work, creating realistic paintings of nature that resonate with viewers on both aesthetic and emotional levels.

The act of painting from nature has allowed artists to immerse themselves in the outdoors, connecting directly with the environment they depict. This direct experience with nature has often led to the creation of nature art painting that goes beyond mere representation, aiming to evoke a sense of wonder and appreciation for the world around us.

From the Impressionist’s fascination with capturing fleeting moments of natural light to the Realists’ commitment to portraying the unadulterated beauty of the landscape, nature has been a wellspring of inspiration. These beautiful paintings of nature have paved the way for modern art to explore diverse styles, techniques, and interpretations, making nature a timeless muse in the ever-evolving world of art. In essence, nature art paintings continue to bridge the gap between the human experience and the splendor of the natural world, leaving an enduring legacy in modern artistic expression.

The Role of Nature Painting in Interior Design

Beautiful paintings of nature have a significant role to play in interior design, creating harmonious and aesthetically pleasing living spaces. These artworks, often acclaimed as the most beautiful nature paintings, serve as vital elements in transforming interiors into inviting, tranquil environments.

Nature paintings by famous artists are sought after for their ability to evoke emotions and bring the serenity of the outdoors inside. These artworks serve as focal points, adding depth and character to rooms. Whether it’s a tranquil forest scene or a vibrant floral composition, these paintings infuse spaces with painting related to nature, creating a connection to the natural world.

Realistic paintings of nature, with their detailed depictions, provide a sense of authenticity and depth to interior design. The act of painting from nature itself often leads to unique, one-of-a-kind pieces that resonate with viewers. These artworks contribute to a sense of tranquility and balance, offering an escape from the demands of modern life.

Nature art paintings encompass a wide range of styles, from classic to contemporary, allowing interior designers to tailor their choices to a room’s theme and ambiance. These paintings can accentuate color schemes, introduce organic textures, and provide a sense of vitality to spaces.

In summary, beautiful paintings of nature are essential tools in the interior designer’s toolkit. They bring the outdoors in, infusing rooms with beauty, serenity, and a connection to the natural world. As a result, these artworks play a vital role in shaping modern interior design, creating spaces that are both visually captivating and emotionally enriching.

FAQs

Where can I see beautiful nature paintings?

Beautiful nature paintings can be found in various places such as art galleries, museums, and online art platforms. Many art galleries and museums around the world showcase beautiful paintings of nature, including some of the most beautiful nature paintings by renowned artists. Additionally, online art platforms offer a convenient way to explore and purchase nature-inspired art, allowing you to enjoy these artworks from the comfort of your home.

 How is art closely connected to nature?

Art is closely connected to nature through the inspiration artists draw from the natural world. Nature paintings by famous artists often reflect their deep appreciation of the beauty and wonder of the environment. Artists capture the essence of nature through their work, portraying landscapes, flora, and fauna. This connection between art and nature allows viewers to experience the splendor of the natural world through the eyes of the artist.

 What inspires artists to create nature-inspired art?

Artists are inspired to create nature-inspired art by the diverse and captivating elements of the natural world. The beauty of landscapes, the intricacies of plants and animals, and the changing seasons all serve as rich sources of inspiration. Beautiful paintings of nature allow artists to share their unique perspectives on the environment and evoke emotions and appreciation in their audience.

How does Indian painting have a long tradition in art?

Indian painting has a long and rich tradition in art, dating back centuries. This tradition encompasses various styles and techniques, including miniature painting, Mughal painting, and more. Indian artistry has been deeply influenced by the country’s diverse landscapes and cultural heritage, leading to a wide range of nature paintings by famous artists and other artistic expressions. This enduring tradition continues to influence contemporary Indian art, making it an integral part of the global art landscape.

 How can I analyze an artwork effectively?

Analyzing artwork effectively involves several key steps. First, observe the artwork closely, noting its elements like color, composition, and subject matter. Next, interpret what you see by considering the artist’s intent, style, and any symbolism present. Evaluate the artwork’s impact on you and its cultural significance. Lastly, contextualize it by researching the artist and art movement. Analyzing beautiful paintings of nature requires a focus on natural elements, color schemes, and the emotions they evoke.

 What inspires artists to create nature-inspired art?

Artists are often inspired by the beauty and wonder of the natural world. The serene landscapes, vibrant flora, and intriguing fauna serve as rich sources of inspiration. The challenge lies in capturing the essence of nature’s beauty on canvas or in sculptures. Nature paintings by famous artists like Monet or O’Keeffe showcase the deep connection between art and the environment.

 How can art and nature be interconnected?

Art and nature are interconnected through the artist’s interpretation of the natural world. Artists convey their perceptions of nature’s beauty, complexity, and diversity through their work. Art serves as a medium to express the profound connection humans have with nature. Beautiful paintings of nature often reflect the artist’s appreciation for the environment, fostering a deeper connection between viewers and the natural world.


Comments

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *